Spoken Past


"These methods weren’t primitive substitutes for books. They were sophisticated intellectual technologies that achieved something our digital age struggles with: perfect retention of vast quantities of information across centuries without a single written copy.

"The ancient world produced some of humanity’s greatest thinkers, from Socrates and Aristotle to Confucius and the Vedic sages, all operating in cultures where books as we know them either didn’t exist or were extremely rare. 

"Understanding how ancient scholars studied reveals not just historical curiosity, but profound insights into human memory, learning, and the transmission of knowledge that challenge our assumptions about education itself."

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