Apophenia and pattern seeking

"The current research used structural equation models to test associations between Psychoticism, openness, intelligence, and non-self-report indicators of apophenia comprising false positive error rates on a variety of computerized tasks.

"In Sample 1, 1193 participants completed digit identification, theory of mind, and emotion recognition tasks.

"In Sample 2, 195 participants completed auditory signal detection and semantic word association tasks. 

"Psychoticism and the openness aspect were positively correlated. 

"Self-reported Psychoticism, openness, and their shared variance were positively associated with apophenia, as indexed by false positive error rates, whether or not intelligence was controlled for. 

"Apophenia was not associated with other personality traits, and openness and Psychoticism were not associated with false negative errors. 

"Findings provide insights into the measurement of apophenia and its relation to personality and psychopathology. 

"Apophenia and pattern seeking may be promising constructs for unifying the openness aspect of personality with the psychosis spectrum and for providing an explanation of positive symptoms."

 

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